The Sloan Kettering Memorial Cancer Center MSK or MSKCC ) is a cancer care and research institute in New York City, founded in 1884 as the House New York Cancer Pain . MSKCC is the largest and oldest private cancer center in the world, and is one of 47 Comprehensive Cancer Institutions controlled by the National Cancer Institute. The main campus is located at 1275 York Avenue, between 67th and 68th Streets, in Manhattan.
Video Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
History
New York Cancer Hospital (1884-1934)
Memorial Hospital was established in Upper West Side of Manhattan in 1884 as New York Cancer Hospital by a group that included John Jacob Astor III and his wife Charlotte. The hospital designates William B. Coley as a surgeon, who pioneered the early form of immunotherapy to eradicate tumors. Rose Hawthorne, daughter of writer Nathaniel Hawthorne, practiced there in the summer of 1896 before setting up her own order, the Dominican Sisters of Hawthorne. In 1899, the hospital was renamed the General Memorial Hospital for Cancer Treatment and Allied Illness.
Around 1910 James Ewing, a professor at Cornell University's faculty of medicine, worked with Memorial Hospital with the help and funding of industrialist and philanthropist James Douglas, who gave $ 100,000 to bless twenty beds for clinical research, equipment for working with radium, and clinical laboratories for that purpose. Douglas's enthusiasm and funding for the development of radiation therapy for cancer inspired Ewing to become one of the pioneers in developing this treatment. Ewing soon took over the effective leadership of clinical and laboratory research at Memorial. In 1916 the hospital changed its name again, dropping the "General" to be known only as Memorial Hospital. The first fellowship training program in the US was created at Memorial in 1927, funded by Rockefeller. In 1931, the most powerful x-ray 900k-volt tube was used in the treatment of radiation-based cancers at Memorial; The tube was built by General Electric for several years. In 1931 Ewing was officially appointed president of the hospital, a role he effectively played up to then, and was featured on the cover of Time magazine as "Cancer Man Ewing"; the accompanying article describes his role as one of the most important cancer physicians of his era. He worked at Memorial until his retirement, in 1939. Under his leadership, Memorial became a model for other cancer centers in the United States, combining patient care with clinical and laboratory research, and it was said of him that "Ewing's relationship to Memorial Hospital can be expressed by Emerson's words, 'Every institution is a shadow extending from some men.' Dr. Ewing is the Memorial Hospital ".
Memorial Hospital and Sloan Kettering Institute (1934-1980)
In 1934, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. donating the land on York Avenue to a new location. Two years later, he gave the $ 3 million Memorial Hospital and the hospital started moving to the city. Memorial Hospital was officially reopened at a new location in 1939. In 1945, General Motors chairman Alfred P. Sloan donated $ 4,000,000 to create the Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research through his Sloan Foundation, and Charles F Kettering, vice president of GM and research director, personally agreed to oversee the organization of cancer research programs based on industrial engineering. An independent research institute was originally built adjacent to the Memorial Hospital.
In 1948 Cornelius P. Rhoads became director of the Memorial. Rhoads had run a chemical weapons program for US troops in World War II, and had engaged in work leading to the discovery that nitrogen mustard was potentially used as a cure for cancer. He cultivated a collaboration between Joseph H. Burchenal, a doctor at Memorial and Gertrude B. Elion and George H. Hitchings at Burroughs Wellcome, who had found 6 MP; Such collaboration led to the development and widespread use of this cancer drug.
From the mid-1950s to mid-1960s, Chester M. Southam undertook pioneering clinical research on immunotherapy and cancer immunotherapy in MSK; but he does his research on people without their consent. He does this for patients who are cared for or care of others, and prisoners. In 1963 some doctors objected to a lack of approval in his experiments and reported it to the Bupati of the State University of New York who found him guilty of fraud, fraud, and unprofessional behavior, and eventually he was placed on probation. for a year. Southam's research trials and cases in the Bupati were followed in the New York Times.
In 1960, Memorial Cancer Center Sloan Kettering was formed as a new company to coordinate the two institutions; John Heller, former director of the National Cancer Institute named his president. In the late 1960s, when the field of pediatric oncology began to succeed in treating children with cancer, Memorial opened an outpatient hospital, partly to cope with more cancer victims. In the early 1970s, Burchenal and Benno Schmidt, a professional investor and guardian of MSK, were appointed to the presidential panel that initiated the US Government War in the United States in the early 1970s. When Congress passed the National Cancer Act of 1971 as part of that effort, Memorial Sloan Kettering was designated as one of only three National Comprehensive Cancer Centers. In 1977, Jimmie C. Holland established a full-time psychiatric service at MSK dedicated to helping people with cancer cope with illness and its treatment; it is one of the first programs and is part of the creation of the field of psycho-oncology.
In 1980 Memorial Hospital and Sloan-Kettering Institute officially merged into a single entity under the name Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.
In 2000, NIH's former director Harold Varmus became MSK's director. During his tenure, he helped build new facilities, strengthen ties between clinical teams and MSK research, and encourage collaboration with other institutions, including Weill-Cornell Medical College and Rockefeller University.
In 2006, MSK opened the Mortimer B. Zuckerman Research Center, a 23-story building that housed more than 100 laboratories.
Craig B. Thompson, an oncologist and researcher, was appointed president and CEO of MSK in 2010. The following year, MSK is rated as the third most successful nonprofit institution in terms of FDA-approved drugs and vaccines, behind the National Institutes of Health and the University of California System. In 2012, Thompson appointed Josà © Ã… © Baselga as the chief physician, who directed the clinical side of MSK. That same year, a collaboration with IBM Watson was announced with the aim of developing new tools and resources for more appropriate diagnostic and treatment recommendations for patients. Director of SKI, MSK research group, Joan MassaguÃÆ' © was appointed in 2013.
MSK currently employs over 1,000 doctors and treats more than 600,000 patients with about 400 types of cancer each year.
Maps Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Related facilities and programs
The Sloan Kettering Bendheim Memorial Integrative Medicine Center occupies 1429 First Avenue at the corner of East 74th Street in Manhattan. The former bank was built in 1930 by Perkins and Will as an architect. It was renovated for use by Memorial Sloan Kettering in 1997.
Research
MSK has a long history of important discoveries in cancer research. MSK's research arm is still known as the Sloan Kettering Institute after the merger with Memorial Hospital. Memorial Hospital separately has a number of laboratories. In 2011, a third MSK ranked research among public sector research institutions after the NIH system and the University of California.
Famous cancer treatments developed in MSK include chimeric antigen receptor therapy, enzalutamide, HSP-90 inhibitor, Ipilimumab, Pralatrexate, Filgrastim, Thyrogen, aldesleukin, Zolinza, Ganite, Trisenox, clofarabine,
The research is organized into several programs at Sloan Kettering Institute and Memorial Hospital:
- Cancer Biology & amp; Genetics - led by Scott W. Lowe
- Cell Biology
- Chemical Biology - led by Derek Tan
- Computing and System Biology - led by Dana Pe'er
- Developmental biology - led by Kathryn V. Anderson
- Immunology - led by Alexander Rudensky
- Molecular Biology - led by John Petrini
- Molecular Pharmacology - led by David A. Scheinberg
- Structural Biology - led by Nikola Pavletich
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis - led by Charles Sawyers
A number of Collaborative Research Centers have also been established at MSK.
Training
About 1,700 medical residents and Fellows are training at MSK.
In 2004, Louis V. Gerstner, Jr. The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences opened at the Sloan Kettering Memorial Cancer Center, with the aim of advancing research by introducing students to an interactive and innovative environment. The first students graduate in 2012.
The Tri-Institutional MD-PhD program is a partnership between MSKCC, The Rockefeller University, and the Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, and Cornell University. The biomedical program draws on the closeness of these three institutions to collaboration in biomedical research and the Cornell MD-PhD program. The Tri-Institutional Training Program in Computational and Medical Biology is a similar partnership.
Famous faculty
- Craig B. Thompson
- Alexander Rudensky
- Charles Sawyers
- Joan MassaguÃÆ'Â ©
- Jose Baselga
- Lorenz Studer
- Paul's Sign
- Jimmie C. Holland
- Scott W. Lowe
- Nikola P. Pavletich
- Mark S. Ptashne
- Murray Brennan
- Kenneth Offit
- Samuel Danishefsky
Reputation
In 2015, Charity Watch rated the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center an "A". The head of the charity receives $ 2,107,939 to $ 2,639,669 in salary/compensation from the charity. CEO Craig B. Thompson received $ 2,554,085 salary/compensation from the charity.
US. News & amp; World Report selected MSK as the No. 2 cancer facility in the US for 2015-2016 and in 2017.
References
External links
- Official website
- Gerstner Sloan-Kettering Graduate Biomedical Science
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments