Odessa is a city in and county of Ector County, Texas, United States. It is mainly located in Ector County, although a small part of the city extends to Midland County. The Odessa population is 118,918 at the 2010 census making it the 29th largest city in Texas; estimates as of July 2015 show a population of 159,436 in the city. This is the main city of the Odessa Metropolitan Statistical Area, which covers all Ector territories. The metropolitan area is also a component of the larger Midland-Odessa joint statistical region, which has a 2010 census population of 278,801; the latest report from the US Census Bureau estimates that the combined population as of July 2015 is 320,513. In 2014, Forbes magazine placed Odessa as the fastest growing third-largest city in the United States.
Video Odessa, Texas
Etimologi
Odessa is said to have been named after Odessa, Ukraine, because of the local resemblance of prairie-like pastures with landscaping of Ukrainian meadows.
Maps Odessa, Texas
History
Odessa was founded in 1881 as a water and livestock stop in Texas and the Pacific Railway. The first post office opened in 1885. Odessa became the seat of Ector District government in 1891 when the county was first organized. It was incorporated as a city in 1927, after oil was discovered in Ector County at Connell Ranch southwest of Odessa.
With the opening of Penn Field in 1929, and Cowden Field in 1930, oil became the main attraction for the new population. In 1925, the population was only 750; in 1929, has risen to 5,000. For the rest of the twentieth century the urban population and economy grew rapidly during each succession of the oil boom (roughly in the 1930s 50s, 1970s and 2010s), often with the accompanying contractions during successful sculptures (especially in the 1960s and 1980s)).
Odessa was famous for her Kiss and Kill Murder in March 1961. Betty Williams, a native of Odessa, was killed by Mack Herring because she confessed to begging him. His body was found in a stock pool a few miles outside Odessa. Mack Herring was tried and released for temporary insanity. In 2013, Odessa has the highest violent crime rate in Texas, with 806.4 crimes per 100,000 population.
Geography
Odessa is located along the southwest edge of Llano Estacado in West Texas. It is located at the Permian Basin, a large sediment deposit containing significant oil and gas reserves.
According to the US Census Bureau, the city has an area of ​​44.0 square miles (114 km km). 43.9 square miles (114.9 km km 2 ) of it is ground and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km 2 ) of it (0.05%) covered by water.
Climate
Odessa has a semi-arid climate typical of West Texas. Summer is hot and sunny, while winter is cool and dry. Most of the rain occurs in late spring and summer; snowfall is rare. This area shows a large daily temperature range and frequent high winds.
Demographics
At the 2010 census, 99,940 people, 35,216 households and 27,412 families live in the city. Population density was 2,276.5 people per square mile (954.2/km ²). There are 43,687 housing units with an average density of 995.1 per square mile (384,2/km²). City racial makeup is 75.4% White, 5.7% Black, 1.1% Asian, 1.0% Native Americans, 0.1% Pacific Island, 14.2% of other races, and 2.5% of two or more races. Hispanic or Latin of any race is 50.6%.
Of 35,216 households, 37.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.6% were married couples living together, 14.5% had women without husbands present, and 29.6% family. Approximately 25.7% of all households are made up of individuals, and 9.6% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65, and the average family size was 3.21.
In the city, the population is distributed as 29.8% below the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% years or more. The median age is 52 years. For every 100 females, there are 93.2 males. For every 100 women age 18 and over, there are 88.6 men.
The average income for households in the city is $ 24,000 and for families is $ 27,869. Men have an average income of $ 50,000 versus $ 19,000 for women. The per capita income for the city is $ 16,096. Approximately 16.0% of families and 18.6% of the population are below the poverty line, including 0.9% of those under 18 and 000.1% of those aged 65 years or older.
Economy
Historically, the Odessa economy has been driven mainly by the region's oil industry, booms and busters in response to rising and falling crude oil prices. Many of the city's largest entrepreneurs are oilfield suppliers and petrochemical processing companies. In recent decades, city leaders have begun trying to reduce the city's dependence on the energy industry to moderate the boom-bust cycle and develop greater economic sustainability.
The city's efforts to gradually diversify from the energy industry has brought an increasing role for the logistics industry, using the Odessa location along main roads and railroads through West Texas. Odessa stops in the trade corridor Entrada al PacÃÆ'fico. The city became home to major retail distribution centers for the Family Dollar in 2003 and for Coca-Cola in early 2007.
Odessa has also taken steps to diversify the energy it produces. New wind farms have been built in northern Ector County. A new coal pollution mitigation plant has been announced for a site previously included in the Futuregen offering. The new plant will be run by Summit Power and will be located near Penwell. The new plant could lead to the creation of 8,000 jobs in the area. Plans are being prepared for a nuclear power plant to be run in conjunction with the nuclear engineering department at the University of Texas at Permian Basin, called High Temperature Teaching and Reactor Research. The reactor is planned to be near Andrews.
Odessa's main shopping center is Music City Mall, which includes Dillard, JC Penney, Sears, Burlington Coat Factory, indoor ice skating rink, and television stations. New retail construction in recent years has been concentrated on the northeast side of the city. In November 2007, the city approved a contract with a company that developed armaments for US Army helicopters to start operations in Odessa.
Biggest employer
As in many municipalities, some of the largest entrepreneurs are in the education, government, and health industries. Outside the region, large urban entrepreneurs are concentrated in the oil industry. According to the Comprehensive Annual Financial Report of 2013, the top companies in the city are:
Art and culture
Performing arts
The Midland-Odessa Symphony and Chorale (MOSC) was founded in 1962, and is the largest orchestra organization in the region, presenting Pops and Masterworks concerts throughout the year. Composed of professional musicians from the region, as well as Lubbock, San Angelo, and other surrounding cities, the MOSC is also home to three residents' room ensemble: Lone Star Brass, Permian Basin String Quartet, and West Texas Winds. These groups consist of the main musicians in the orchestra, who come to the area from all over the United States.
The Globe of the Great Southwest, located on the Odessa College campus, a community college in Odessa, features an original replica of Shakespeare's Globe Theater. It hosts dramas and other community groups throughout the year, as well as the annual Shakespeare festival.
Built in 1951, Theater Ector served as one of the best theaters in Odessa until it closed. Today, the renovated 700-seat theater provides communities with classic movies, theater productions, and concerts.
Permian playhouse has been providing music, dance, drama, suspense, and comedy for over 40 years.
Sports
The ice hockey team of Odessa Jackalopes junior played his home game at Ector County Coliseum. High school football is also popular. The Ratliff Stadium, featured in the Friday Night Lights movie, is home to Odessa Bronchos and Permian Panthers. It is one of the largest state high school stadiums, listed as the seventh in capacity in Texas.
Tourism
The Odessa Leadership and Leadership Library Museum, on the campus of the University of Texas at Permian Basin, is the only such facility in the United States - dedicated to the Presidential office, not a dedicated resident of the Oval Office. There is also an exhibition about the President of the Republic of Texas. The museum is encouraged to bear fruit by the late State Representative George "Buddy" West of Odessa. The building itself is named for the West and his wife, Shirley.
After struggling in financial difficulties, the Presidential Museum closed its doors to the public on August 21, 2009. In February 2010, additional funds allowed the door to reopen, with negotiations waiting for the University of Texas from Permian Basin to take over the museum.
The White-Pool building in the eastern city center is the oldest surviving structure in Odessa. Built in 1887 and opened as a historic house museum in 1984.
Texon Santa Fe Depot, recently moved to West Odessa, serves as a museum in honor of the old west and railroad tracks.
The Parker House Museum is Odessa's latest addition to the Odessa historical record. In 1935, the Parker family moved into this modest house located at 1,290 hectares (5.2 km 2 ). It represents a prominent family farming lifestyle, serving the Andrews community and Ector Counties since 1907.
Odessa Meteor Crater, a crater with a diameter of 550 feet (170 m), is located in the southwest of the city.
Odessa has a Stonehenge replica on the University of Texas campus at Permian Basin. Completed in 2004, the replica is horizontally the same as Stonehenge in the UK, but only 70% of the original vertical height.
Government
Local government
Odessa has a council-manager government, with city council five council members (elected from geographical district) and a mayor (elected in-large). The Council appoints and directs other municipal officials, including city managers, and determines the city budget, taxes, and other policies.
In fiscal year 2014, the Odessa government has $ 179.1 million in revenue, $ 146.3 million in spending, $ 454 million in total assets, and $ 203 million in total liabilities. The main sources of urban public revenue are fees for services (such as public utilities), sales taxes, and property taxes, and the main costs are for public safety and for water and sewage services.
Country Representation
The Texas Department of Criminal Law operates the Odessa District Liberation Office in Odessa.
Federal Representation
The United States Postal Service operates three post offices in Odessa: Odessa, Northeast Odessa, and West Odessa.
Education
Universities and colleges
University of Texas from Permian Basin
The University of Texas of Permian Basin (UTPB) began in 1973. UTPB was a top-tier and postgraduate university until the Texas Legislature passed a law in the spring of 1991 to allow the university to accept new students and students. In 2006, the university was holding discussions with the Nuclear Regulatory Commission on the construction of a new High Temperature Teaching and Reactor Test which, if successful, will complete licensing and construction around 2012. This will be the first university-based research reactor to be built in the US in approximately about a decade, and became one of the few HTGR type reactors in the world. In January 2006, UTPB Business School was granted accreditation by the Association for Advance Collegiate Schools of Business International (AACSB). AACSB is generally regarded as the premier accrediting institution for world business schools. According to the university, only 30% of business schools in the United States, and 15% of world business schools, have received AACSB accreditation.
Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
The University of Texas Tech Health Center of Tech Permian Basin Campus opened as a School of Medicine in 1979, beginning in the basement of the Medical Center Hospital. Since 1994, the TTUHSC Permian Basin has incorporated the Allied Health School, offering a master's degree in physical therapy. Also, on the campus of Midland College, he offers a doctor's assistant program. In addition, the TTUHSC Permian Basin includes a Nursing School that focuses on primary care and rural health. In June 1999, Texas Tech Health Center opened as a clinic, providing increased access to primary and special care care for the Permian Basin. Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Permin Basin also operates 21 WIC clinics located in nearby small communities.
Odessa College
Odessa College is a two year old public college based in Odessa, serving the Ector County and Permian Basin communities. It opened in 1952 and currently enrolls about 6,000 annually in universities and technical work/courses, and 11,000 students each year in Basic Education, Advanced Education, and Community Recreation programs.
Primary and secondary schools
District School Independent Ector District was established in 1921, in the consolidation of seven local schools. The district now has 38 campuses. It manages three high schools: Permian High School, Odessa High School, and George H. W. Bush New Tech Odessa.
Odessa's private schools include the Montessori Teachers' School in Odessa, Christian Latter Rain School, Odessa Christian School, Permian Basin Christian School, Christian Faith Community Academy, Episcopal School St. John, Catholic School St. Mary's Central, Rainey Montessori School, Sherwood Christian Academy, and Zion Christian Academy. Odessa also has four charter schools: Kompas Academy School, Harmony-Odessa Academy of Sciences, Embassy Academy and Richard Milburn-Odessa Academy.
Library
- The Ector County Library
- Learning Resources for Murry H. Fly
- J. Conrad Dunagan Library
Media
The answer to this question is: Odessa American .
Radio
- KLFB 88,1 FM (agama)
- KFRI 88,7 FM (Christian Contemporary)
- KBMM 89,5 FM (agama)
- KFLB-FM 90,5 FM (Christian Contemporary)
- KXWT 91.3 FM (radio publik)
- KAWZ 91,9 FM (agama)
- KNFM 92.3 FM (negara)
- KZBT 93,3 FM (hip hop)
- KTXO 94.7 FM (negara)
- KQRX 95,1 FM (rock)
- KCRS 95,5 FM (berita/bicara)
- KMRK-FM 96,1 FM (negara)
- KMCM 96.9 FM (oldies)
- KCRS 97,5 FM (berita/bicara)
- KODM 97.9 FM (kontemporer dewasa)
- KHKX 99.1 FM (negara)
- KBAT 99.9 FM (rock)
- KMMZ 101,3 FM (Meksiko Regional)
- KFLB 101,7 FM (agama)
- KFZX 102,1 FM (rock klasik)
- KAWZ 102,5 FM (agama)
- KCRS 103,3 FM (top-40)
- KTXC 104,7 FM (Meksiko Regional)
- KCHX 106,7 FM (Meksiko Regional)
- KWEL 107,1 FM (bicara)
- KQLM 107.9 FM (Spanyol)
- KCRS 550 AM (berita/bicara)
- CURB 600 AM (Spanyol)
- KXOI 810 AM (Spanyol)
- KFLB 920 AM (agama)
- KWEL 1070 AM (bicara)
- KLPF 1150 AM (religius)
- KOZA 1230 AM (Spanyol)
- KMND 1510 AM (olahraga)
Televisi
- KMID (ABC)
- KOSA-TV (CBS)
- KWES-TV (NBC)
- KUPB (Univision)
- KPEJ-TV (Fox)
- KWWT (MeTV)
- KPBT-TV (PBS)
- KMLM-DT (Channel Pembelajaran Allah)
- KOSADTV2 (MyTV)
- KWESDTV2 (The CW)
- KWESDTV3/KTLE-LP (Telemundo)
- KUPBDTV2 (LATV)
- KPEJDTV2 (Estrella TV)
- KWWTDTV2 (Film!)
- KWWTDTV3 (TV Antena)
- KWWTDTV4 (TV Ini)
Kelinci sebagai simbol
Rabbit jack has become a symbol of Odessa. Beginning in 1932, Odessa held a rodeo to bind rabbits. In one competition, Grace Hendricks cowgirl rides a rabbit off the horse in five seconds and defeats his male competitor. The unusual rodeo ended in 1977 because of objections from the Humane Society. Lots of business and residence about the Odessa display model of rabbits.
Transportation
Air and space
- Odessa is served by Midland International Air and Space Port (ICAO code: KMAF, IATA code: MAF), located midway between Odessa and Midland.
- The Schlemeyer field (ICAO code: KODO, IATA code: ODO) is a public aviation airport located on the northeast side of Odessa.
Midland International Airport is served by:
- American Airlines, operated by American Eagle
- Southwest Airlines
- United Airlines, operated by SkyWest Airlines and ExpressJet Airlines
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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