The Upper West Side , sometimes abbreviated to UWS , is an environment in the Manhattan district of New York City, located between Central Park and the Hudson River and between West 59th Street and West 110th Street. The Upper West Side is sometimes also considered by the real estate industry to include the Morningside Heights neighborhood.
Like the Upper East Side, the Upper West Side is a prime residential area with many inhabitants working in the commercial area of ​​Midtown and Lower Manhattan. It has a reputation as a cultural and intellectual center of New York City, with Columbia University and Barnard College located at the northern edge of the neighborhood, and the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts located at the southern end. The Upper West Side is considered to be among the richest neighborhoods of New York City.
Video Upper West Side
Geography
The Upper West Side is bordered on the south by 59th Street, Central Park to the east, and the Hudson River to the west. The northern border is somewhat less clear. Although historically referred to as 110th Street, which improves the environment alongside Central Park, it is now sometimes (mainly by the real estate industry) considered 125th Street, covering Morningside Heights. The area north of 96th Street West and east of Broadway is also identified as the Manhattan Valley. The overlapping area west of Amsterdam Avenue to Riverside Park was once known as the Bloomingdale District.
From west to east, the road from Upper West Side is Riverside Drive, West End Avenue (11th Avenue), Broadway, Amsterdam Avenue (10th Avenue), Columbus Avenue (9th Avenue), and Central Park West (8th Avenue). The Broadway 66-block stretch forms the backbone of the neighborhood and runs north/south diagonally across another road at the southern end of the neighborhood; on top of 78th Street Broadway runs north along the line. Broadway enters the neighborhood at the intersection with Central Park West at Columbus Circle (59th Street), crossing Columbus Avenue on Lincoln Square (65th Street), Amsterdam Avenue at Verdi Square (71st Street), and then joining West End Avenue in Straus Park (aka Bloomingdale Square, on 107th Street).
Morningside Heights, just west of Harlem, is the site of the Cathedral of Saint John the Divine, Columbia University, Barnard College, Bank Street School of Education, National Church Council, Union Theological Seminary, Manhattan Music School, Teachers College and Jewish Theological Seminary of America, as well as Grant's Tomb and Riverside Church.
Traditionally the neighborhood ranges from the former Harsenville village, centered on old Bloomingdale Street (now Broadway) and 65th Street, west to the railroad along the Hudson, then north to 110th Street, where the land goes up to Morningside Heights. With the construction of the Lincoln Center, his name, though perhaps not a reality, stretches south to 58th Street. With the arrival of expensive corporate headquarters and condominiums from Time Warner Center in Columbus Circle, and the Riverside South apartment complex built by Donald Trump, the area from 58th Street to 65th Street is increasingly referred to as Lincoln Square by realtors who recognize the distinct tone and atmosphere of which is usually associated with the Upper West Side. This is the restoration of the historical name of this neighborhood.
Maps Upper West Side
History
Use of Native Americans and Colonial
The long high cliffs above the useful sandy bays along the North River are little used or traversed by the Lenape people. The combination of river valleys, such as where 96th Street runs, and wetlands in the northeast and east, may have protected some of the Upper West Side from Lenape-controlled burns; the lack of periodic soil fires produces denser trees and more non-firestible trees, such as the American Beech.
In the 18th and early nineteenth centuries, the Upper West Side-to-be contained some of the most ambitious New York colonial houses, located along Bloomingdale Street. Became increasingly filled with smaller villas, more suburbs in the first half of the nineteenth century, and by the middle of that century, the parts became a significantly lower class.
Bloomingdale District
The name "Bloomingdale District" is used to refer to parts of the Upper West Side - the current Manhattan Valley neighborhood - located between 96th and 110th Streets and bordered on the east by Amsterdam Avenue and west by Riverside Drive, Riverside Park and Hudson River.
His name is a derivation of the description given to the area by Dutch settlers to New Netherland, possibly from Bloemendaal, a city in the tulip region. The Dutch hallowed the name to "Bloomingdale" or "Bloomingdale District", to the western side of Manhattan from about 23rd Street to the Hollow Way (modern 125th Street). It consists of farms and villages along the way (arranged in 1703) known as Bloomingdale Road. Bloomingdale Road was renamed The Boulevard in 1868, as farms and villages were divided into many buildings and absorbed into the city. In the 18th century there were many farms and residences in many prosperous cities, a large package of which was the Apthorp Plantation. The main artery of this area is Bloomingdale Street, which begins to the north of Broadway and Bowery Lane (now Fourth Avenue) joins (in modern Union Square) and runs north toward the modern 116th Street in Morningside Heights, where the road farther down north is known as Kingsbridge Road. Within the borders of the modern Upper West Side, the road passes through an area known as Harsenville, Strycker's Bay, and Bloomingdale Village.
With the construction of the Croton Aqueduct passing through the area between Amsterdam Avenue today and Columbus Avenue in 1838-42, the northern part of the district is divided into the Manhattan Valley east of the waterways and Bloomingdale to the west. Bloomingdale, in the second half of the 19th century, is the name of a village that occupies the area south of 110th street.
The end of the nineteenth century
Most of the Upper West Side river banks are shipping, transportation, and manufacturing corridors. The Hudson River line of the right lane was given in the late 1830s to connect New York City to Albany, and immediately ran along the river bank. One of the major non-industrial developments, the creation of Central Park in the 1850s and 1960s, caused many squatters to move their huts to the Upper West Side. Parts of the neighborhood into a garbage collection of housing residents, boarding houses, and shops.
As this development occurs, the old name of Bloomingdale Road is being cut and the name Broadway is progressively applied further north to include what has become a lower Bloomingdale Road. In 1868, the city began to straighten and assess the passage of Bloomingdale Road from northern Harsenville, and it became known as "West Boulevard" or "The Boulevard". It retained the name until the end of the century, when the name Broadway eventually replaced it.
The development of the environment lags behind even when Central Park was laid out in the 1860s and 70s, later blocked by Panic of 1873. Things reversed with the introduction of the Ninth Avenue that increased in the 1870s along Ninth Avenue (renamed to Columbus Avenue). in 1890), and with the relocation of Columbia University to Morningside Heights in the 1890s, using the land once owned by Bloomingdale Insane Asylum.
Riverside Park was conceived in 1866 and formally approved by the state legislature through the efforts of city park commissioner Andrew Haswell Green. The first segment of the park was obtained through condemnation in 1872, and construction soon began following the design made by the company of Frederick Law Olmsted, who also designed the adjacent and graceful Riverside Drive. In 1937, under the administration commissioner Robert Moses, 132 acres (0.53 km 2 ) land was added to the park, mainly by creating a promenade that covered the Hudson River Railroad trail. Moses, who works with landscape architects, Gilmore D. Clarke also added a playground, and unique rocks and 79th Street Boat Basin, but also cut pedestrians from direct access to most of the river basin by building the Henry Hudson Parkway by the river. According to Robert Caro's book on Moses, The Power Broker , Riverside Park is designed with most facilities located in predominantly white environments, with the environment closer to Harlem getting shorter. Riverside Park, like Central Park, has experienced a revival in the late 20th century, largely through the efforts of the Riverside Park Fund, a group of citizens. Mostly through their efforts and support from the city, many parks have been improved. The Hudson River Greenway along the riverside of this park is a popular route for pedestrian and commuter bikes, and offers spectacular views. The dramatic increase is the $ 15.7 million "Riverwalk" extension to the park greenway built between 83rd and 91st Streets in the pedestrian area on the river itself, completed in May 2010.
The beginning of the 20th century
Subway expansion
The Upper West Side underwent a building explosion from 1885 to 1910, largely thanks to the opening of 1904 the city's first subway line, partly comprised of, now part of the IRT Broadway - Seventh Avenue Line, with subway stations in 59, 66, 72, 79, 86th, 91st, 96th, 103rd, 110th, 116th, and 125th Streets. This was followed by the opening of the now-disassembled Ninth Avenue Line IRT - the city's first railway line - opened in decades after the American Civil War.
This further encourages the development of housing in the area. The very high apartment blocks on West End Avenue and the houses on the road between Amsterdam Avenue and Riverside Drive, contributing to the character of the area, all built during the pre-depressive years of the 20th century. A revolution in building techniques, the relatively low cost of land relative to Manhattan, the arrival of the subway, and the democratization of the previously expensive elevators allow to build large apartment buildings for the middle class. The large scale and style of this building is one of the reasons why the environment remains largely unchanged into the twenty-first century.
The environment changed from the 1930s to the 1950s. In 1932, the IND Eighth Avenue Line opened under Central Park West. In 1940, the elevated IRT Ninth Avenue Line over Columbus Avenue was closed. Immigrants from Eastern Europe and the Caribbean moved during the 50s and 60s. The Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts opened in the 1960s.
Enclaves
In the 1900s, the area south of 67th Street was populated by African-Americans and is said to have earned the nickname "Hill of San Juan" to commemorate African-American soldiers who were a major part of the attack on San Juan Hill in Cuba. Spanish-American War. In 1960, it was a rough residential housing environment, a delayed demolition to allow for exterior shooting in the West Side Story musical. After that, urban renewal led to the construction of the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts and Lincoln Towers apartments during 1962-1968.
The Upper West Side is a significant Jewish neighborhood, inhabited by both German Jews who moved at the turn of the last century, and Jewish refugees fled from Hitler Europe in the 1930s. Today, the area between 85th Street and 100th Street is home to the largest community of Modern Orthodox youth outside of Israel. However, the Upper West Side also features a large number of non-Orthodox Jews. A number of major synagogues are located in the neighborhood, including the oldest Jewish congregation in the United States, Shearith Israel; The second oldest and third oldest Ashkenazi synagogue in New York, B'nai Jeshurun; Rodeph Sholom; Stephen Wise Free Synagogue; and many others.
Twentieth century urban renewal
From the post-World War II years to the AIDS epidemic, the environment, especially below 86th Street, has a substantial gay population. When the environment has deteriorated, it is affordable by gay working-class men, and those newly arrived in the city and looking for their first white-collar job. The mixed ethnic gay population, mostly Hispanic and whites, with a mixture of income levels and jobs protected by the same gay bar in the neighborhood, makes it very different from most gay bags elsewhere in the city. The entry of white gay men in the Fifties and Sixties is often credited with accelerating the gentrification of the Upper West Side.
In the next phase of the urban renewal, the railway base that has formed the southwestern angle of the Upper West Side was replaced by the Riverside South residential project, which included a southern extension of Riverside Park. The Evolution of Riverside South has a 40-year history, often very bitterly, beginning in 1962 when the New York Central Railroad, in partnership with the Amalgamated Lithographers Union, proposed the development of mixed-use with 12,000 apartments, Litho City, to be built on platforms over rails. The subsequent bankruptcy of Penn Central Railroad enlarged, but short-lived carrying other proposals and prospective developers. What produced the most opposition was the concept of "Television City" Donald Trump in 1985, which would include an office tower as high as 152 floors and six residential buildings as high as 75 floors. In 1991, a coalition of prominent civilian organizations proposed the construction of pure housing by about half, and then reached an agreement with Trump.
The community links to the events of September 11, 2001 were seen in Upper West Side residents and Pulitzer Prize prizes David Halberstam for Ladder Co 40/Engine Co. 35 guys, just a few blocks from his house, in his Firehouse .
Currently, this area is a site for several long-standing charities; their unbroken land package has provided a customized location for Columbia University and the Cathedral of Saint John the Divine, as well as to some of the lost landmarks, such as the Schwab Mansion on Riverside Drive.
The name Bloomingdale is still used as a reference for the part of the Upper West Side, basically the old Bloomingdale Village location, an area of ​​about 96th Street to 110th Street and from Riverside Park east to Amsterdam Avenue. The triangular block bounded by Broadway, West End Avenue, 106th Street and 107th Street, although commonly known as Straus Park (named Isidor Straus and his wife Ida), was officially designated as Bloomingdale Square in 1907. This neighborhood also includes the Bloomingdale School of Branch music and the Bloomingdale neighborhood of the New York Public Library. Adjacent to the Bloomingdale neighborhood is a more diverse and less affluent subdivision on the Upper West Side called Manhattan Valley, which focuses on the lower slopes of Columbus Avenue and Manhattan Avenue from about 96th Street to 110th Street.
Demographics
In 2010, the Manhattan Community Board 7 had a population of 209,084, down from 210,993 in 1990. Of the population, 140,850 (67.4%) were Non Hispanic White, 31,347 (15%) of Hispanic origin, 15,834 (7.6%) were African American, 15,988 (7.6%) Asian or Pacific Islander, 221 (0.1%) American Indian or Alaska Native, 671 (0.3%) of some other races, 4,173 (2%) of two races or more.
About 12.2% of the population benefits from public assistance in 2012.
The land area is 1.9 square miles (4.9 km 2 ).
Transportation
Two subway lines serve the Upper West Side. The IRT Broadway line - Seventh Avenue Line ( 1 , span> 2 , and 3 ) runs along Broadway. Avenue Avenue IND Eighth Avenue ( A , B , C , and D train) runs along Central Park West.
There are five different bus routes - M5, M7, M10, M11, M104 bus - up and down on the Upper West Side, and M57 ride to West End Avenue for 15 blocks in the neighborhood. In addition, the crosstown route includes M66, M72, SB8 M79, SBS M86, M96, M106. The M20 ends at Lincoln Center.
Government
Community Council 7
Community Board 7 (CB7) deals with land use and zoning issues, the City budget, delivery of municipal services, and community concerns on the Upper West Side. CB7 includes Upper West Side from 59th/60th Streets to 110th Street. NYPD Precincts 20 and 24 are in the CB7 area.
The New York City community reviews data collected by 311 Customer Service Centers. 3-1-1 (3-1-1) is a non-emergency telephone number, and New York City released a monthly report on the number of service requests to 311.
In CB7, 80% of calls to 311 are building complaints, noise complaints, property damage/complaints of the city, and loss and finding property. The composition of 311 calls varies every month due to the weather. For example, there were 79 total calls to 311 in October 2012 about a damaged or dead tree in the middle of Hurricane Sandy, which reached New York City at the end of that month. The following month, daily calls on trees fell by 25%, while daily calls for warming increased 58%. The largest number of calls to 311 in the month of the latest November 2012 report referenced to the Housing Preservation and Development Department related to heating. The next highest is for housing noise complaints.
Police
The 20th Precinct covers the Upper West Side from 59th Street to 86th Street. This police area also includes the Environmental Tabulation Area (NTA) for Upper West Side (mn12) and Lincoln Square (mn14).
Recent data indicate that crime, after declining steadily over the years, is believed in 2011. Information from the NYPD shows total criminal complaints have increased by about 15% last year. City crime complaints have increased by 4%. This tabulation covers all types of criminal complaints, from murder to petit thefts. Crime complaints increased this year in Precinct 20 for almost all CompStat categories, except for minor offenses. There were 2,058 year-on-date crime complaints on November 25, 2012, up from 1,789 criminal complaints in the same period last year.
From 2000 to 2010, population in police station 20 increased by 1,674 people, up 1% every year. For comparison, but not in the same time period, criminal complaints decreased by 2% each year from 2001 to 2011.
The 24th Precinct covers the west side of 86th Street to 110th Street.
Building and structure
Institution
Organizational headquarters
- American Bible Society (destroyed in 2016)
- American Broadcasting Company - KPF's designated headquarters are located on 77 West 66th Street on Columbus Avenue.
- Time Warner - Skidmore, Owings & amp; The headquarters designed by Merrill is located in Columbus Circle, at the site of the old New York Coliseum.
- The two major music licensing organizations are located in the neighborhood, ASCAP and BMI.
- The College Council, the national nonprofit examination body launched in 1900, has its headquarters on Columbus Avenue, across from Fordham University.
- The Jewish Fellowship for the Blind - Non-profit and nonprofit organizations serving blind, blind and disabled people have their national headquarters on West 65th Street, just off Central Park West.
Culture
- Museum of American Folk Art
- Eva and Morris Feld Gallery
- American Museum of Natural History
- Hayden Planetarium
- Hispanico Ballet Tina Ramirez
- Bach Vesper in Holy Trinity
- Gallery Center Graduate Bard
- Beacon Theater
- The Manhattan Children's Museum
- Lincoln Center - A total of 12 performing arts companies are held in various theater halls and recital halls
- Opera Metropolitan
- David Geffen Hall (formerly Avery Fisher Hall), home of the New York Philharmonic
- New York State Theater, home of New York City Ballet
- Juilliard School of Music
- Jazz at the Lincoln Center
- Alice Tully Hall
- Lincoln Center Film Institute
- American Ballet School
- Vivian Beaumont Theater
- Mitzi Newhouse Theater
- Damrosch Park
- The New York Public Library for the Performing Arts
- Bruno Walter Auditorium
- Biblical Art Museum
- Merkin Concert Hall
- New-York Historical Society
- Nicholas Roerich Museum
- The Symphony Room
- Thalia Theater
- El Taller Latinoamericano
Education
Preschool to class 12
The apartment building on Central Park West, overlooking the park, are some of New York's most desirable apartments. Dakota in St. Petersburg 72 has been home to many celebrities including John Lennon, Leonard Bernstein and Lauren Bacall. Other notable buildings in CPW include Art Deco Century Apartments (Irwin Chanin, 1931), and The Majestic, also by Chanin. San Remo, The Eldorado, and The Beresford are all designed by Emery Roth, like 41 West 96th Street (completed in 1926). His first commission, Belle ÃÆ' â € ° poque Belleclaire, was on Broadway, while the modern Normandie survived at Riverside at 86th Street. Along Broadway are several Beaux-Arts apartment houses: The Belnord (1908) - the front block named after honoring the old I.B. The singer, plus The Apthorp (1908), The Ansonia (1902), The Dorilton and Manhasset. They are all designated as New York City landmarks. Curvilinear Riverside Drive also has many beautiful pre-war homes and larger buildings, including a graceful curved apartment building - The Paterno and The Colosseum by Schwartz & amp; Gross - on 116th St and Riverside Drive. West End Avenue, a large boulevard filled with apartment buildings and pre-war Beaux-Arts architecture dating from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, was closed to commercial traffic. Columbus Avenue north of 87th Street is the backbone for post-World War II urban renewal. Broadway is lined with well-known apartment buildings such as The Ansonia, The Apthorp, The Belnord, The Astor Court Building and The Cornwall, featuring Art Nouveau ornaments. The newly built 15 Central Park West and 535 West End Avenue are known as some of the prestigious residential addresses in Manhattan.
Restaurants and gourmet food
Both Broadway and Amsterdam Avenue from 67th Street to 110th Street are lined with restaurants and bars, such as the slightly lower Columbus Avenue. Here's a list of some of the prominent ones:
- Barney Greengrass, who specializes in fish on Amsterdam Avenue and 86th Street; featured in the 2011 film Extremely Loud & amp; Very Close . It marks the hundredth anniversary in June 2008.
- The Mural of Howard Chandler Christie from CafÃÆ' Â © des Artistes, a French restaurant now closed on West 67th Street in Central Park West, is incorporated into a new restaurant on the site.
- Food and Community Juice, an eco-friendly restaurant on 2893 Broadway between 112th and 113th Streets.
- Two gourmet grocery stores, Fairway and Citarella (originally small fish markets), are located on Broadway between West 74th Street and West 75th Street.
- The Papaya Gray Branch, which specializes in hot dogs, is located on Broadway and 72nd Street.
- Original Zabar is a specialty food and home appliance store on Broadway and 80th Street.
- Trader Joe's branch, a specialty grocery store, opened on Broadway and 72nd Street in 2010.
- Two branches from Whole Foods Market, one at Columbus Circle and another on Columbus Avenue and 97 Street.
Economy
American Broadcasting Company (ABC) is headquartered on West 66 Street on the Upper West Side.
In popular culture
The Upper West Side has been the setting for many movies and television shows due to pre-war architecture, colorful communities and rich cultural life. Since Edward R. Murrow went "Orang-to-People" live, long Central Park West in the 1950s, the West Siders barely stopped gaping in the on-site trailers, and jumped their skateboards over coaxial cables. At one time it seemed like one of the various Laws & amp; The message shows taking up all available parking spaces in the neighborhood. The Woody Allen film Hannah and His Sisters captured the classic Upper West Side of high-lying, high-ceilinged apartments, packed with books and other cultural artifacts.
Movies
In alphabetical order:
Television
In alphabetical order:
Music
In alphabetical order:
Books
References
Further reading
- Birmingham, Steven, Life in Dakota: Most New Address in New York , 1996, ISBNÃ, 0-8156-0338-X.
- Goldberg, Jeffrey, "The Decline and Fall of the Upper West Bank: How The Poverty Industries Tear apart Great New York Neighborhood Apartments", New York , April 25, 1994
- Mott, Hopper Striker, The New York of Yesterday: A Descriptive Narrative on Old Bloomingdale , 1908.
- Salwen, Peter, Upper West Side Story 1989, www.upperwestsidestory.net .
External links
- Broadway Mall Association
- Western Landmarks!
- NYCvisit map Upper West Side
- NYSite Upper West Site Guide includes block with block guide
- NYU - Historical Architecture of the Upper West Side
- Memoirs & amp; Upper West Side history
- http://www.upperwestsidehistory.org
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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