Electrical muscular stimulation ( EMS ), also known as neuromuscular electrical stimulation ( NMES ) or electromyostimulation , is the elicitation of muscle contraction using electrical impulses. EMS has received increasing attention in recent years for various reasons: EMS can be used as a strength training tool for healthy subjects and athletes; it can be used as a rehabilitation and prevention tool for patients who are partially or completely immobilized; it can be used as a testing tool to evaluate nerve and/or muscle function in vivo; it can be used as a post-exercise recovery tool for athletes. Impulses are generated by the device and sent by the electrodes on the skin close to the stimulated muscles. Electrodes are generally pads that attach to the skin. The impulse mimics the action potential coming from the central nervous system, causing the muscles to contract. The use of EMS has been cited by sports scientists as a complementary technique for sports training, and published research is available on the results obtained. In the United States, EMS devices are regulated by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
A number of reviews have viewed the device.
Video Electrical muscle stimulation
Usage
Electrical muscle stimulation can be used as a training tool, therapy, or cosmetics.
Physiotherapy
In medicine, EMS is used for rehabilitation purposes, for example in physical therapy in the prevention of unused muscle atrophy which can occur eg after musculoskeletal injuries, such as damage to bones, joints, muscles, ligaments and tendons. This differs from transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), in which electrical currents are used for pain therapy.
In EMS training, several muscle groups are targeted at the same time, for specific training purposes.
Weight
The FDA declines certification of devices that claim weight loss. EMS device causes the lowest burning calories: calories burned in significant amounts only when most of the body is involved in physical exercise: some muscles, heart and respiratory system are all moving at once. However, some authors imply that EMS can cause exercise, because people who tighten their muscles with electrical stimulation are more likely afterwards to participate in sports activities when the body becomes ready, fit, willing and able to perform physical activity.
Effects
"Strength training by NMES promotes nerve and muscle adaptations that complement the well-known effects of voluntary resistance training". This statement is part of an editorial summary of the 2010 world congress of researchers on the subject. Additional studies of practical applications, which emerged after the congress, point to the important factors that make the distinction between EMS effective and ineffective. This in retrospect explains why in the past some researchers and practitioners obtained results that others can not reproduce. Also, as published by leading universities, EMS leads to adaptation, ie training, muscle fibers. Due to the characteristics of skeletal muscle fibers, different types of fibers can be activated to different degrees by different types of EMS, and the modification caused depends on the EMS activity pattern. These patterns, called protocols or programs, will cause different responses to the contractions of different types of fibers. Some programs will increase resistance to fatigue, namely endurance, others will increase the production of strength.
Maps Electrical muscle stimulation
History
Luigi Galvani (1761) provided the first scientific evidence that currents can activate muscles. During the 19th and 20th centuries, researchers studied and documented the exact electrical properties that produce muscle movement. It was found that body functions caused by electrical stimulation cause long-term changes in the muscles. In the 1960s, Soviet sports scientists applied EMS in the training of elite athletes, claiming 40% of the power gained. In the 1970s, this study was distributed during conferences with Western sports firms. However, the results are contradictory, possibly because of the mechanism by which the EMS acts are poorly understood. Recent medical physiology research shows the mechanism of electrical stimulation that causes adaptation of muscle cells, blood vessels and nerves.
Society and culture
United States Regulations
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) declares and releases EMS devices into two broad categories: over-counting devices (OTC), and prescription devices. OTC devices can only be marketed to tighten muscles; prescription devices can be purchased only by doctor's prescription for therapy. Recipes should be used under the supervision of authorized practitioners, for the following uses:
- Relaxation of muscle spasms;
- Unused atrophy prevention or inhibition;
- Increase local blood circulation;
- Muscle retraining;
- immediate post-surgical stimulation of the calf muscle to prevent venous thrombosis;
- Maintain or increase the range of motion.
The FDA mandates that manuals clearly display contraindications, warnings, precautions and adverse reactions, including: no use to pacemaker users; not used in vital parts, such as carotid sinus nerves, in the chest, or throughout the brain; caution in use during pregnancy, menstruation, and other special conditions that may be affected by muscle contraction; Potential side effects include skin irritation and burns
Only FDA-certified devices can be sold legally in the US without a doctor's prescription. These can be found on the FDA's web pages suitable for certified devices. The FTC has cracked down on consumer EMS devices that make unwarranted claims; many of which have been removed from the market, some have obtained FDA certification.
Device
Non-professional devices target home-market consumers with wearable units in which an EMS circuit is contained in clothing such as a belt (fastening belt) or other clothing items.
The Relax-A-Cizor is one of the device brands produced by the US company, Relaxacizor, Inc.
From the 1950s, the company marketed the device for use in weight loss and fitness. The electrodes of the device are attached to the skin and cause muscle contraction by means of electric current. This device causes 40 muscle contractions per minute in muscles that are affected by the motor nerve points in the respective area of ​​the bearing. Recommended use instructions use the device at least 30 minutes daily for each placement area of ​​numbers, and suggest that users may use it for longer periods if they wish. These devices are offered in a number of different models that are supported either by battery or household flow.
Relax-A-Cizors has 1-6 channels. Two pads (or electrodes) are connected by cable to each channel. Users are applied from 2 to 12 pads to various parts of their body. For each channel there is a dial that supposedly controls the intensity of the electric current flowing into the user's body between the two pads connected to that channel.
In 1970, the device was manufactured in Chicago, Illinois, by Eastwood Industries, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Relaxacizor, Inc., and then distributed throughout the country towards Relaxacizor, Inc., or Sales Relaxacizor, Inc.
The device was banned by the US Food and Drug Administration in 1970 because it was considered potentially unhealthy and harmful to users. The case was brought to trial, and the United States District Court for the Central District of California stated that Relax-A-Cizor is a "device" in the sense of 21 U.S.C. Ã, § 321 (h) because it is intended to affect the structure and function of the body as a thickness and exercise damper, and reinforce the FDA's assertion that the device is potentially harmful to health.
The FDA informed owners of Relax-A-Cizors that the re-sale of Relax-A-Cizors was illegal, and recommended that they should destroy the device or make them unable to operate.
Slendertone is another brand name. Starting in 2015, the company's Slendertone Flex product has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for over-the-counter sales to tighten, strengthen and strengthen abdominal muscles.
References
Further reading
- Maffiuletti, Nicola A (December 2006). "Use of electrostimulation exercises in competitive sports". International Journal of Sport Physiology and Performance . 1 (4): 406-7. ISSNÃ, 1555-0265. PMID 19124897. Maffiuletti, Nicola A; Marco A Minetto; Dario Farina; Roberto Bottinelli (October 2011). "Electrical stimulation for neuromuscular testing and training: state of the art and unresolved issues" (PDF) . European Journal of Applied Physiology . 111 (10): 2391-2397. doi: 10.1007/s00421-011-2133-7. ISSN 1439-6327. PMID 21866361 . Retrieved 2014/06/13
- Boschetti, Gianpaolo (2008). Globus SHT, ed. "EMS Digest" . Retrieved 2013/01/29 Ã, Google documents inspired by workshops by Gianpaolo Boschetti (2000) author of Che cos'ÃÆ'¨ l'elettrostimolazione . Libreria dello Sport . Retrieved 2013/01/10 Ã, It is compiled to serve as a handy guide for understanding electric muscle stimulation for sports training, and comes with material taught by the author during the workshop, and by attachments written by professional trainers.
External links
- John Porcari @ University of Wisconsin-La Crosse is next planning to study the ass ems and toner thighs
- CBC News. Virtual exercise machines can speed recovery. May 14, 2014.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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